Overexposure to the sun, or skin damage, can cause dark spots. The UV radiation can cause the oxidation and swelling of cell membranes. This could lead to melanocytes activating tyrosinase, which may promote melanin production. The melanin pigment absorbs sunlight and helps protect the skin from UV radiation.
Dark spots can occur when melanocytes (the epidermis, the top layer of the skin) produce too much melanin. There are many other Home based remedies that can cure common hyperpigmentation on the body.
Melasma
Melasma is characterized by large, irregularly colored brown patches on sun-exposed skin, such as the cheeks, foreheads, nose, nose, and chin. Although the exact cause of melasma remains unknown, multiple factors may be involved, including genetic influences, sun exposure, hormonal therapy, hormonal therapy, thyroid dysfunction, and ovarian dysfunction.
Different Inflammatory Skin Conditions
Many skin conditions can cause hyperpigmentation, including eczema. Hyperpigmentation can be caused by a variety of inflammatory skin disorders (eczema, dermatitis, etc.). Prostanoids, cytokines and chemokines are all produced by inflammation cells. These mediators are responsible for activating tyrosinase and fueling melanocytes.
Melanocytes can either return to normal or become hyperreactive after inflammation has subsided. Hyperpigmentation can occur when there is excess melanin production or abnormal melanin pigment distribution in the epidermis.